The history of Naftalan is very ancient and rich.
Naftalan oil, which has no equivalent in the world due to its therapeutic properties, differs significantly from other types of oil in terms of its physical and chemical characteristics.
One of the main distinguishing features of this oil is the absence of light fractions and solid paraffin hydrocarbons in its composition.
Due to its high boiling temperature (190–220°C), Naftalan oil does not contain a gasoline fraction.
In addition, its relatively high resin content (14%) and its ability to form a stable emulsion with water are considered among the key characteristics that distinguish Naftalan oil from other types of oil.
As early as 1946, academician Y. Mammadaliyev summarized the results of his research on Naftalan oil and noted that oils extracted from different layers and horizons differ significantly from one another.
Even Naftalan oil extracted from the same well at different periods may partially differ in certain characteristics.
From ancient times to the present day, thousands of people have benefited from the therapeutic properties of Naftalan oil.
This natural resource, used in the treatment of more than 70 diseases, is applied through special therapeutic baths.
By taking Naftalan baths, patients benefit from the treatment of various diseases.
For this reason, every year a large number of people from different cities and regions of Azerbaijan travel to Naftalan.
Mainly, individuals suffering from bone and joint disorders, nervous and muscular diseases, skin conditions, gynecological disorders, and urological diseases seek Naftalan therapy.
This list can be expanded even further.
However, despite the numerous therapeutic properties of Naftalan oil, certain risks may arise if it is not used properly.
This is because taking Naftalan baths is considered contraindicated in some severe and serious medical conditions.
Therefore, it is not recommended to begin Naftalan treatment without first undergoing a complete and accurate medical examination.
Physical and Chemical Properties of Naftalan Oil
Naftalan oil is a brownish-dark brown liquid with a distinctive aromatic smell, characterized by high viscosity and specific gravity.
Its specific gravity ranges from 0.92 to 0.96, its boiling point is 220°C, and its freezing point is -20°C.
Its ability to form a stable emulsion when mixed with water is one of the main characteristics of Naftalan oil.
Naftalan is a resinous, low-sulfur, paraffin-free petroleum product with a complex physical and chemical composition.
Unlike other industrial oils, it does not contain light fractions such as gasoline, kerosene, or ligroin.
Composition of Naftalan
Naftalan consists of the following components:
1. Naphthenic hydrocarbons – 50–55%
2. Aromatic hydrocarbons – 10–15%
3. Resinous substances – 14–15%
4. Naphthenic acids – 0.5–3%
5. Sulfur-containing compounds – 0.3–0.7%
6. Nitrogen-containing compounds – 0.3%
7. Trace elements (I, Br, Cu, Mn, Zn, Li, B, etc.)
Therapeutic Effects of Naftalan Oil
The main therapeutic components of Naftalan oil are the high-molecular-weight naphthenic hydrocarbons with a polycyclic structure that predominate in its composition.
In addition, sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing compounds, as well as various trace elements, play an important role in the therapeutic effects of Naftalan.
Naftalan has strong anti-inflammatory, analgesic, vasodilatory, anti-allergic, and hormone-like effects.
It also regulates metabolism and accelerates the processes of oogenesis, ovulation, and spermatogenesis.
Thanks to these properties, Naftalan oil is effectively used in the treatment of more than 70 diseases.
The Importance of Iodine-Bromine Water
Iodine-bromine water is also an important part of Naftalan treatment.
When Naftalan oil emerges from deep underground, it contains approximately 90% water and 10% oil.
During the treatment process, this ratio changes and is used in the form of 10% water and 90% Naftalan oil.
The water extracted together with Naftalan has a rich mineral composition.
In addition to iodine and bromine, it contains numerous beneficial trace elements, making it successfully used in the treatment of various diseases.